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Frost heave
Frost heave is the upward movement of soil and structures when ground water freezes and expands.
Frost heave is the upward movement of soil and anything built on it caused by water freezing and expanding in the ground. It is the primary reason proper base depth and drainage are non-negotiable in Pennsylvania hardscape installations. A patio or wall built above frost depth without adequate base will lift and crack over repeated winters.
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